As the shift toward clean energy accelerates across Thailand, more homeowners are considering solar energy solutions to reduce their utility bills, become energy independent, and contribute to environmental sustainability. However, the solar industry comes with a range of technical terms that can be confusing at first glance. Whether you’re just starting to explore your options or already speaking with an installer, understanding the language of solar energy will help you make smarter decisions.
In this blog, we’ll break down six essential solar energy terms that every homeowner should know. By the end, you’ll feel more confident navigating quotes, proposals, and conversations with providers like Kunini Solar EPC, a trusted, locally based solar expert in Thailand.
1. Photovoltaic (PV) System
One of the most frequently used terms in solar energy is “Photovoltaic,” often abbreviated as PV. A photovoltaic system refers to a setup that converts sunlight directly into electricity using solar cells. These systems are composed of several components that work together, including solar panels, an inverter, mounting equipment, and sometimes battery storage.
The basic principle behind PV systems is the photovoltaic effect, where sunlight hitting a solar cell generates a flow of electric current. The more sunlight the system receives, the more energy it produces. Homeowners typically install PV systems on rooftops, although ground-mounted systems are also available for properties with sufficient space.
Understanding the term “PV system” is critical because it’s often used in technical documentation and proposals. For example, when a contractor says they’re offering a “5 kW PV system,” they mean a system that can produce up to 5 kilowatts of power at peak performance. Knowing this helps you evaluate system size and potential energy output.
At Kunini Solar EPC, we specialize in designing custom PV systems that match the energy needs and roof characteristics of homes throughout Thailand. Our local expertise ensures that installations are optimized for the Thai climate, maximizing performance and long-term savings.
2. Inverter
The inverter is one of the most critical components of any solar energy system. Its main job is to convert the direct current (DC) electricity generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) electricity, which is what your household appliances use.
There are different types of inverters, including string inverters, microinverters, and hybrid inverters. String inverters are the most common and cost-effective, connecting multiple panels in a series. Microinverters, on the other hand, are installed on each panel individually, allowing for better performance monitoring and optimization. Hybrid inverters are designed to work with battery storage systems, making them a great choice for homeowners planning to add batteries either now or in the future.
Understanding what kind of inverter you’re getting—and why—is crucial. An efficient inverter ensures your solar system delivers the highest possible energy output. It also plays a role in safety features, system monitoring, and compatibility with smart home technology.
Kunini Solar EPC uses only high-quality inverters from globally recognized brands. Our expert team, based right here in Thailand, will guide you through the selection process to ensure your system operates at peak efficiency.
3. Net Metering
Net metering is a policy that allows homeowners to send excess electricity generated by their solar panels back to the grid. In return, they receive energy credits that can be used to offset future electricity consumption. This system helps homeowners lower their utility bills and increases the overall value of a solar investment.
In Thailand, net metering policies are in place, although they vary slightly depending on your energy provider and region. Some utilities may place limits on how much energy can be sent back to the grid, while others offer incentives for residential solar installations. It’s important to understand your local policy to calculate potential savings accurately.
Let’s say your solar system generates more energy than you consume during the day. With net metering, the surplus energy flows into the grid, essentially “spinning your meter backward.” At night or during cloudy days, you draw power from the grid, but your credits help reduce the total cost.
Kunini Solar EPC stays up to date with Thailand’s evolving net metering regulations. Our team will help you navigate local utility requirements, ensuring your system is not only compliant but also optimized for maximum financial benefit.
4. Solar Panel Efficiency
Solar panel efficiency measures how well a panel converts sunlight into usable electricity. Higher efficiency means more power output from the same surface area, which is particularly important if you have limited roof space.
Most residential solar panels have an efficiency rating between 15% and 22%. This percentage represents how much sunlight the panel can convert into electricity. For example, a 20% efficient panel can convert 20% of the sunlight it captures into usable energy.
Several factors influence efficiency, including the type of solar cell, temperature, shading, and the angle at which panels are installed. Premium panels often use monocrystalline cells, which tend to be more efficient and have a longer lifespan than polycrystalline cells.
It’s a common misconception that higher wattage always means higher efficiency. In reality, a 350W panel may be less efficient than a 320W panel if it occupies more surface area. Efficiency is about power output per square meter, not just the wattage rating.
When you choose Kunini Solar EPC, our team will help you find the best panels for your unique home and energy goals. Being locally based in Thailand, we understand how to design systems that thrive in tropical heat and intense sunlight.
5. Kilowatt (kW) and Kilowatt-Hour (kWh)
These two units are often confused, but they represent different things. A kilowatt (kW) is a measure of power capacity, while a kilowatt-hour (kWh) is a measure of energy used or produced over time.
Think of it like this: A kW is like the size of your car’s engine—it shows how much energy your system can produce at peak performance. A kWh is like the number of kilometers you drive—it shows how much energy you’ve used over time.
For example, if your home has a 5 kW solar system and it runs at full capacity for one hour, it will produce 5 kWh of energy. Knowing this helps you understand your electricity bill and estimate how much of your usage can be covered by solar.
Solar providers often quote systems in kW, and your electricity bill measures usage in kWh. By understanding both, you can more accurately compare quotes and determine the right size system for your household’s needs.
Kunini Solar EPC offers comprehensive energy audits to help homeowners in Thailand choose the most appropriate system size. We’ll show you how many kWh your household consumes monthly and how much of that can be offset with solar power.
6. Battery Storage
Battery storage is becoming increasingly popular among homeowners who want more control over their energy usage. A solar battery stores excess energy produced during the day so it can be used at night or during power outages.
There are several types of solar batteries, including lithium-ion and lead-acid. Lithium-ion batteries are more efficient, compact, and longer-lasting, although they come at a higher cost. Battery storage systems are especially useful in areas with unstable electricity grids or for homeowners who aim to be energy-independent.
While batteries add upfront cost to a solar installation, they provide long-term value by increasing self-consumption and offering energy security. In some cases, battery storage can also help homeowners participate in time-of-use pricing schemes, where electricity costs more during peak hours.
At Kunini Solar EPC, we offer cutting-edge battery storage solutions tailored to Thai households. Our team provides transparent advice on when and where batteries make sense—and we never upsell what you don’t need.
Conclusion
Navigating the world of solar energy doesn’t have to be overwhelming. By understanding these six key terms—Photovoltaic System, Inverter, Net Metering, Solar Panel Efficiency, Kilowatt/Kilowatt-Hour, and Battery Storage—you’re well on your way to becoming an informed solar consumer.
With the right knowledge and a trusted partner, making the switch to solar is easier and more rewarding. Kunini Solar EPC, your locally based solar expert in Thailand, is here to guide you through every step—from initial consultation to final installation and long-term support.
Ready to Go Solar?
If you’re considering solar for your home, get in touch with Kunini Solar EPC today. Our personalized service, deep local knowledge, and commitment to quality make us one of Thailand’s most reliable solar energy providers.
Visit our website or contact us for a free consultation and see how solar energy can work for you!
